Theory:
When we make decisions, we rely too heavily (or anchor) on one trait or piece of information. Especially when the situation is unknown, we tend to appraise information based on a single known anchor from which we then make relative adjustments (this is also known as the Focusing effect).
Application:
Provide your visitors with anchors to influence their decision making (eg. the original price of the product) or present an attribute/ number as being more important than it really is (eg. the number of megapixels on a DSLR camera). Even completely irrelevant numbers can influence the buyer if relevancy is suggested in some way.
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Recently I've seen some (often absolute) statements going around, generally in the line of "open source commerce platforms are a terrible idea". Now of course different solutions always have different pros and cons.
A hierarchy of evidence (or levels of evidence) is a heuristic used to rank the relative strength of results obtained from scientific research. I've created a version of this chart/pyramid applied to CRO which you can see below. It contains the options we have as optimizers and tools and methods we often use to gather data.